Noble House of Brattleby — Coat of Arms, seat of Lady Nicoleta, the 12th Baroness of Brattleby
    Back to Glossary
    Ceremonies

    Robes of State

    //roʊbz əv steɪt//

    Formal ceremonial attire of the British monarch and peers, specifically characterized by crimson velvet and ermine, worn primarily for Coronation and State Openings.

    The Robes of State represent the pinnacle of English heraldic and ceremonial costume, distinct from Parliamentary Robes or the Supertunica used during the religious phases of the Coronation. For the Sovereign, the Robe of State (or Parliament Robe) consists of a lengthy train of crimson velvet lined with ermine and bordered with gold lace, worn upon entry to Westminster Abbey or during the State Opening of Parliament. It symbolizes the monarch's temporal authority and dignity as the head of the three estates of the realm.

    For the peerage, Robes of State are defined by specific gradations of rank, indicated by the 'miniver' or ermine rows (bars) on the cape. A Duke is entitled to four bars, a Marquess three and a half, an Earl three, a Viscount two and a half, and a Baron two. These vestments trace their lineage to the 14th-century development of the livery of the Household and remain a critical element of feudal continuity within the High Court of Parliament, asserting the stratified order of the nobility under the Crown.

    Etymology

    Middle English 'robe', from Old French 'robe' (spoils, booty, or garments), of Germanic origin; reflecting the feudal concept of clothing as a legal signifier of status.

    Historical Context

    Originating in the late medieval period and formalized during the Tudor and Stuart eras, these robes signify the transition from military feudalism to a structured parliamentary aristocracy.

    Examples

    • The crimson velvet Robe of State worn by George VI during his 1937 processional entry.
    • The 18-foot long Robe of State commissioned for the Coronation of Queen Victoria in 1838.
    • The miniver-barred robes worn by the Duke of Wellington as he took his seat in the House of Lords.

    A Companion Project · In Formation · brattleby.org.uk

    The Brattleby Heritage Institute

    A companion project of the Noble House of Brattleby, gathering research and published scholarship on the history of the Barony. The Institute is presently in formation: it is not a registered charity, and it is not an accredited academic institution.

    brattleby.org.uk