Noble House of Brattleby — Coat of Arms, seat of Lady Nicoleta, the 12th Baroness of Brattleby
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    Arms & Armour

    Plate Armour

    //pleɪt ˈɑːrmər//

    Protective body covering forged from large, articulated steel plates, representing the zenith of late-medieval defensive technology for the knightly class.

    In the context of the English nobility, plate armour represents the transition from flexible textile and maille defenses to a rigid, anatomical exoskeleton of tempered steel. Appearing in rudimentary forms during the early 14th century, it evolved into the full 'harness' of the 15th century, meticulously engineered to deflect kinetic energy from lances, arrows, and polearms while maintaining maximum mobility for the wearer. For the English peerage, the harness was as much a status symbol as a functional tool of war, often fire-gilted, engraved with heraldic devices, and individually tailored by master armourers in centers like Greenwich or Milan.

    Heraldically and socially, plate armour fundamentally altered the visual language of the battlefield. The emergence of the 'Great Bascinet' and later the 'Armet' necessitated the use of crests and distinct coat armour (the surcoat or jupon) to identify the wearer whose features were obscured by a visor. Within the feudal structure, the immense cost of a complete harness—equivalent to the annual income of a minor manor—served as a distinct class barrier, reaffirming the chivalric monopoly on heavy cavalry warfare. Even as gunpowder made such defenses obsolete on the battlefield, plate armour survived as 'Tilting Armour' for the tournament and as a staple of funerary hatchments and effigies in English parish churches.

    Etymology

    Middle English 'plate', from Old French 'plate' (flat piece of metal), derived from Vulgar Latin 'plattus' (flat), combined with 'armour' from Latin 'armatura'.

    Historical Context

    Dominant from approximately 1320 to 1650, plate armour reached its artistic peak during the Wars of the Roses and the Tudor period, marking the transition from feudal levies to professional standing armies.

    Examples

    • The 'Lion Armour' of King Edward VI, featuring intricate embossing.
    • The avant-garde Greenwich harness commissioned by George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland.
    • The funerary achievements of Edward the Black Prince in Canterbury Cathedral.

    A Companion Project · In Formation · brattleby.org.uk

    The Brattleby Heritage Institute

    A companion project of the Noble House of Brattleby, gathering research and published scholarship on the history of the Barony. The Institute is presently in formation: it is not a registered charity, and it is not an accredited academic institution.

    brattleby.org.uk